Model ng and Energy Simulation of and Educational Building A case study in Pakistan

Abstract

Climate change is increasing the average temperature of world due to emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in large amount. This has increased the annual energy consumption of buildings. These energy demands are fulfilled by non-renewable energy resources mostly. The infrastructural development in the fields of educational buildings, hospitals, industries, etc. is necessary requirement for growing country like Pakistan. The building sector of Pakistan consumes approximately 50 % of country’s total energy. To reduce the energy consumption of the buildings, different passive climate adaptation measures (PCAMs) can be implemented. In this study, several low-cost and medium-cost passive measures and their combinations were applied on the building model. This study analyzes their effects on annual energy consumption of the educational buildings in Pakistan. Energy simulations were performed by implementing these passive measures using DesignBuilder. The result shows that 2 °C variation in temperature setpoints and green wall are the most effective passive measures for reducing the annual energy consumption of the building. The implementation of these passive measures can reduce the cooling and heating energy consumption by 27.18 % and 62 % respectively. The energy use intensity (EUI) of the SMME building was 154.71 kWh/m2/year which is higher than EUI requirement for buildings. Furthermore, the payback period of each passive measure and their combinations was also calculated. Variation in temperature setpoints can reduce the significant energy consumption with a zero-payback period. Finally, the cost benefit analysis was performed to suggest some low-cost and medium-cost passive measures.