Phycosynthesis of TiO2 Nanoparticles from Dictyosphaerium sp. Strain HM1 (DHM1), Au and Ag Doped TiO2 and its Antibacterial, Antibiofilm and Anticancer Activity

Abstract

The present study reports a green, cost effective and biological methodology to synthesis Titania nanoparticles from algal extracts of Dictyosphaerium sp. Strain HM1 (DHM1). This synthesis method was also optimized by different physiochemical parameters like temperature, reaction time, molar concentration and calcination temperature to obtain different crystalline form of TiO2 nanoparticles. The results were initially characterized by UV-VIS spectrophotometry showing maximum absorbance at 450nm and information regarding size distribution and morphology was visualized through SEM which ranges from 30-50 nm. EDX analysis confirmed the elemental analysis of TiO2 NP‟s and XRD confirmed the different crystalline forms of TiO2 NP‟s (Anatase and Rutile). These TiO2 NP‟s were than doped with gold and silver to obtain AuNP‟s and AgNP‟s in order to check its antibacterial, antibiofilm and anticancer activity. It was concluded than undoped TiO2 had no pathogenic activity while doped nanoparticles showed pathogenic behavior with AuTiO2 NP‟s having highest antibacterial and antibiofilm activity. Moreover, results from invitro toxicity suggest very exceptional anticancer activity of AuTiO2 NP‟S against colorectal cell line HCT116 and the triple negative human breast cancer cell lines HCC1954. This healing can also induced marked apoptosis leading to typical cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase. It is recommended to further characterize these nanoparticles by using advance characterization techniques like NMR, Raman spectroscopy and TEM analysis. In silico approach should be adapted to examine the interaction between doped nanoparticles and their cellular interaction with bacteria and human cell.