Abstract:
Conventional vehicles are headed towards essential transformation in energy technologies
due to rapid fossil fuel depletion, environmental hazards, and increased
global warming. To address this challenge plugin hybrid electric vehicles have
attracted a huge response from the market and the consumers. A plugin hybrid
electric vehicle comprises of an integrated charger and a hybrid energy storage
system. An integrated charger includes the grid source with a unidirectional
DC-DC converter and the storage system contains the fuel cell, battery, and
ultracapacitor coupled with unidirectional and bidirectional converters. In this
work, a nonlinear controller has been designed developed on the terminal sliding
mode control for this topology. Firstly, the dynamic mathematical model of the
system is established. Then, an energy management algorithm is designed using
the state of charge. The main objective of this algorithm is to ensure system stability
under varying load conditions. The proposed controller aims to meet the
varying load demand, perform the DC bus regulation, and uniform tracking of
the fuel cell, battery, and ultracapacitor reference currents. In addition to that,
the system’s asymptotic stability is demonstrated through the Lyapunov stability
theory. Afterward, the robustness and working of the proposed control method-
ology are verified by simulating it on MATLAB/Simulink, and the results are
compared with the synergetic and backstepping controllers. Lastly, the physical
use of the recommended system is validated by performing the controller hardware
in the loop experiments. Results show that the proposed terminal sliding
mode based controller is significantly stable and superior in performance.
