Abstract:
This research compares and reports on distinct similarities and differences between guanxi and
sifarish as informal social networks in recruitment and selection based on culture context. To
enrich, GLOBE Study’s nine dimensions of culture were used to identify distinct similarities and
differences between guanxi and sifarish in culture context. An evident lack of exploratory
research using comparative approach provided an opportunity to develop an insight of the
phenomenon as well as understand the reasons of their presence. Drawing on social network
theory, a micro-level analysis initiated managerial perspective towards use of guanxi and sifarish
in recruitment and selection. To address research gaps, using purposive sampling, in-depth open ended semi-structured interviews of 22 middle-to-senior level managers and 2 industry experts
were conducted, leading to thematic analysis. Study observed some major similarities and some
fundamental differences between guanxi and sifarish. Both uniquely serve as building blocks of
their society, developed through reciprocation and ties of trust over a period and play major role
in social network cohesion when selecting at work. Guanxi draws on heterogeneous groups
(weak ties) and more accessible to outsiders with loose emotional propensities influencing
recruitment and selection. Whereas, sifarish draws on homogenous groups (strong ties) with less
freedom for diversity, hence “strength of strong ties” seemed more realistic notion for Pakistani
managers. Original contribution of this research lies in comparatively exploring use of informal
social networks (guanxi and sifarish) in recruitment and selection in culture context. Informal
social networks may benefit managers along with merit-based system at informational level by
creating a hybrid recruitment and selection system. Unfolding guanxi in a non-Chinese
environment marked its strength. Study recommends future interdisciplinary studies with larger
sample size using multi-level analysis (employees and managers) and different research methods
(multi-case study, mix-methods) with other factors (political and socio-economic) for conceptual
precision and triangulation of empirical findings across other societies.
