Abstract:
The increase in mechanical strength of polymer is comparatively higher at nano scale than large
scale reinforcement. In current research scientist have work hard to develop polymer reinforced
by nano particles and have obtained good results. The increase in mechanical strength can be
improved by maintaining the fine dispersion of nano-particles within the polymer matrix and by
the modification of the surface of nano-particles that act as reinforcement phase. Conducting
polymers i-e polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline or 3-methoxy derivative show electric
conductivity due to the presence of p-system. These polymers have poly-conjugation showing
electronic behavior of metals retaining their strength and processibility. Their conductivity can be
increased by adding small amount of impurities i-e dopant into original polymer matrix. This can
be done by p or n-type doping of polymer. Polypyrrole being conductive is stable to heat and
environmental conditions and its chemical as well as electric oxidation is facile. The stability and
electronic properties of polypyrrole can be increased by making blends with thermoplastic
polymers. Polymers with conducting properties i-e polythiophene, polyaniline and polypyrrole are
mixed with some thermoplastic polymer like polystyrene, polyvinylchloride help in enhancing
stability. Nano-particles because of their high surface area show extensive interaction with any
system they are dispersed in. Polymer nano composites are prepared by the incorporation of nano
particles in to the polymer matrix here nano particles act as reinforcing phase. Nano particles
increase the mechanical properties i-e Tensile strength, compressive strength, hardness, toughness,
elasticity, plasticity etc. Polymer nano composites by enhancement of mechanical strength seek
interest in variety of automotive and industrial applications i-e covers of various portable devices,
vacuum cleaner blades and EMI shielding etc.
