Abstract:
Exponential decrease in oil and natural gas resources, increasing global warming issues and insufficiency of fossil fuels has shifted the focus to utilizing
alternative energy sources in power generation and vehicular technology. Recently, there has been an increase in research conducted on fuel cell electric
vehicles (FCEVs). Behavior of components like energy sources, induction
motors and power processing blocks deviate significantly from their normal
behavior when driving in highly demanding situations. Due to extreme driv ing conditions like rough terrains, slippery roads or hilly areas, non- linearities
present in the vehicle dominate. To tackle this appropriately, non-linear con trollers are preferred because of their efficiency. This research work focuses
on a unified hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) model to simultaneously control
the energy sources and the induction motor. The model used is a genuine
representation of electric model of fuel cell-hybrid electric vehicle (FHEV).
The model of FHEV used in this work consists of 3 sources; 1) Fuel Cell,
2) Ultracapacitor (UC) and 3) Battery. For speed regulation an induction
motor is also included which uses the energy sources to run. Multiple DC DC converters are used for connecting the sources to DC bus and an inverter
is used for converting DC to AC for deriving the motor. Robust Integral
Backstepping and Synergetic controllers have been proposed in this work for
efficient voltage regulation and speed tracking. Lyapunov theory has been
used for proving the global stability of the system. Performance of proposed
controllers has been validated in MATLAB/Simulink environment. In order
to determine the accuracy of the proposed controllers, system has also been
subjected to European extra urban driving cycle (EUDC) and a corresponding load torque profile. Comparative analysis is also given to illustrate the
importance of the unified model proposed in this work.
