Characterization of Trihelix Genes in Solanum tuberosum Genotype(s) under Abiotic stresses

Abstract

The Trihelix transcription factors are referred as a GT element because of their binding capacity with GT element. Trihelix transcription factors influence how plants grow and develop, as well as how they respond to abiotic stresses. Although Trihelix transcriptions factors has described and recognized in numerous plants, there is limited available knowledge regarding their presence in Solanum tuberosum. The current investigation involved the characterization of trihelix genes in Solanum tuberosum. Total of 27 StTH genes have been identified in Solanum tuberosum. All of these 27 StTH were divided into five subgroups as previously described in Arabidopsis thaliana (GT-2, GT-1, SH4, GT-y and SIP1). The genomic positioning and occurrences of gene duplication revealed the arbitrary dispersion of StTH genes across 12 chromosomes, with duplication events happening both in tandem and segmental patterns, involving 13 pairs of genes. An analysis of synteny unveiled 19 orthologs of StTH genes within Solanum tuberosum and 10 orthologs within Arabidopsis. Through in-silico promoter analysis, diverse arrays of cis elements and functional variations were discovered, with light-responsive and hormone responsive elements, along with development-related, abiotic stress-responsive, and promoter associated elements, prevailing in St Trihelix genes. In various biological and molecular pathways, gene ontology unveiled the involvement of StTrihelix proteins, including defense response, regulation of transcription, nucleotide transmembrane processes, ATP binding, and phosphorylation. Two genes StTH 22 and StTH 25 were checked for drought stress. Both of these gene’s show expression in stem, root and leaves, hence the more expression was analyzed in leaves. This is the first study to look into how potato trihelix genes respond to drought stress. The insights from our findings will be valuable for forthcoming research on the comparative and molecular mechanisms of Trihelix genes in different plant species. To sum up, our discoveries indicate the potential significance of StTH22 and StTH25 in contributing to essential roles under drought stress conditions in potatoes.