Abstract:
Rapid urbanization and industrialization in developing countries have led to urban
sprawl, creating a demand for high-rise buildings as a solution. However, the complex
design, susceptibility to seismic activity, and increased cost make these structures
uneconomical and undesirable. This study proposes the use of lightweight materials
for nonstructural elements to reduce dead load and improve seismic performance.
To achieve these objectives, an extensive review is conducted to identify the most
suitable lightweight materials. The existing building is first optimized using
conventional materials and then redesigned using lightweight materials. A detailed
quantity takeoff is performed using Building Information Modeling (BIM). Additionally,
nonlinear modeling is employed, utilizing fiber modeling and a plastic hinge approach,
to investigate the behavior of the most cost-effective structure under extreme loading
conditions through non-linear static pushover analysis.
After optimizing the existing structure with normal weight materials, the total cost of
the structure decreased by 4.11%. Following the redesign with lightweight materials,
the total cost of the structure decreased by 13.39% with CLC blocks infill walls and
15.84% with EPS panels infill walls. Furthermore, it was evident that the building with
EPS panels exhibited significantly superior seismic performance compared to the
original building. The pushover curve analysis further validated the enhanced capacity
of the lightweight panel building, as indicated by its distinct pattern.
The findings of this research provide valuable insights into the development of
sustainable, resilient, and economically viable housing solutions for Pakistan and other
developing nations facing similar challenges of urbanization and seismic activity.
