Antimicrobial Evaluation of Multifaceted Stress-induced Hermetia illucens’ Larval Hemolymph against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Abstract

The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is a global health concern. Staphylococcus aureus, particularly strains resistant to methicillin (MRSA), stands as a critical human pathogen linked to both hospital and community-acquired infections. This study explored the potential of Hermetia illucens (Black Soldier Fly) larval hemolymph as a natural antimicrobial source against MRSA. This study investigated the impact of stress conditions, including physical injury and MRSA exposure, on the antibacterial properties of BSF larval hemolymph. The larvae were subjected to these stressors for varying durations, and the hemolymph was subsequently collected from stressed as well as uninfected larvae for antibacterial testing against MRSA strains. The results demonstrated a significant enhancement in the antibacterial activity of the hemolymph under stress conditions, particularly after 24 hours of physical stress and 48 hours of bacterial stress exposure. These findings suggest that stress-induced modulation in BSF larvae can potentiate the antimicrobial efficacy of their hemolymph, providing valuable insights into natural antimicrobial sources and their potential application in combating antibiotic-resistant infections.