Design of a Vehicular Antenna Array for Ku-Band Applications

Abstract

Modern cars can now be equipped with innovative features and services like digital and analog audio video broadcasting, cell phones, GPS, satellite radio, and the capacity to use artificial satellites to create communication links between various locations on Earth, all thanks to advancements in wireless communication technologies. To meet the demands of these diverse applications, antennas with specific frequency band functioning capability are now required. The primary focus of this thesis is the growing need for contemporary car antennas, particularly for uplink frequency range support systems like vehicular communications. Designing a vehicle antenna array with Ku-band applications in mind for uplink communications in the 14–14.5 GHz frequency range is the main goal. The first thing made is a single Yagi-Uda antenna element. The CST microwave studio will be the site of full wave analysis. Together, the separate parts will form a vehicle antenna array that will radiate in the desired direction in concentrated beams. The analysis of the antenna's performance focused on its matching bandwidth, gain, radiation efficiency, radiation pattern, and peak power beam width (HPBW). Peak realized gain achieved is 15.2 dBi simulated and 14.6 dBi measured for Ku-band antenna. In fixed satellite service (FSS) for uplink satellite communication our design is good choice in vehicles.