TECHNO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF RENEWABLE SOURCES AND BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM ACROSS DIFFERENT CLIMATIC ZONES CONSIDERING GAS AND ELECTRICAL UTILITIES /

Abstract

Renewable energy sources are considered eco-friendly due to its features like no or less emission, sustainability, and economic factors. This study focuses on implementation of renewable sources for generation of electricity. For this purpose, residential sector of different climatic zones of Pakistan is considered. Techno-economic optimization is done to minimize Net present cost (NPC) and levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) and to maximize renewable fraction (RF) as objective function. As Pakistan has diversified climatic zones so viability of different renewables sources in different zones is evaluated. For central region PV-BESS is considered as optimal MG configuration in addition to DG. This is because central region has a good profile for solar irradiance. Similar is for maximum regions of North zone regions. While for South region Wind profile is viable mostly in coastal areas. Therefore, optimal MG configuration in most regions of South zone is PV-WT-BESS along with DG as backup. A comparative comparison is made for base case having just DG to fulfil load demands and proposed case having combination of PV BESS-WT along with DG. Results shows that by adding renewable energy resources not only greenhouse gases emissions are minimized but also RF is increasing along with minimizing of NPC and LCOE. This led us to satisfy SDG-7 and SDG-13. In proposed case another comparison is made between combination of utilities. First configuration has both gas and electrical utility and second has just electrical utility to fulfil load demand. Results show that just electrical utility is more efficient and economical. Although proposed case and electrical utility requires a high initial capital but in long term it is way more beneficial.