Abstract:
Using urban storm-water management as a primary concern, this study explores the
application of Low Impact Development (LID) strategies in Pakistan's fast-changing
urban environment. Increased impermeable surfaces as a result of Pakistan's shift from
rural, natural terrain to urban areas have disrupted the natural hydrological patterns
which resulted lowered groundwater levels, increased surface runoff, and declining
water quality. Existing traditional storm-water infrastructure has proven to be
inefficient in handling stormwater in the backdrop of increased paved surfaces and
climate change. LID, a novel approach in urban planning, focuses on mimicking natural
hydrological processes to manage stormwater close to its source. By integrating green
infrastructure, LID aims to reduce runoff, enhance groundwater recharge, and improve
water quality. This study directly aligns with SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), SDG
11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), SDG 13 (Climate Action), and SDG 15 (Life
on Land). Barriers and the enablers to the implementation to LID were identified form
the literature analysis and most significant for the Pakistan’s context were shortlisted
by the means of a preliminary survey. The study through qualitative analysis reveals
the complex interdependencies of the barriers and enablers by means of a detailed
questionnaire survey. To understand the complex relationships between the elements
impacting Pakistan's urban areas' adoption of Low Impact Development (LID) Causal
Loop Diagrams (CLDs) are used. The relationships between factors related to policy
frameworks, social acceptability, technological breakthroughs, knowledge gaps, and
economic viability are mapped by CLDs. This research helps to clarify the ways in
which these components interact, ultimately illuminating strategies for promoting the
adoption of LID. Comprehending these interrelated dynamics this study will help
transform Pakistan’s urban areas to become more resilient against exacerbated stormwater
challenges due to rapid urbanization and climate change.
