Abstract:
Natural hazards are destructive because they destroy homes, roads, and businesses. Pakistan
is currently facing a multitude of climate-related challenges, especially muti-hazards in areas
like Badswat and Ishkoman, Ghizer in Gilgit Baltistan. These challenges include the risks
associated with Debris Flow and GLOFs. These risks arise from complex interactions that
involve regional dynamics, local factors, and climate change. The present study is conducted
to examine RAMMS Debris Flow model, and the temporal and spatial differences of seasonal
rainfall and temperature data is used to examine the pattern of the events. We used DEM
based data and precipitation data from 1990–2022. During the pre-monsoon months, there is
a significant amount of rainfall, which is then followed by the arrival of the monsoon months.
Significant instances of heavy rainfall in July 2018 and August 2022, along with increasing
temperatures in June and additional rainfall in July, lead to the events of Debris Flow in
Badswat and Ishkoman. The surface area of Badswat lake has reached 0.61 km2
in 2022. The
maximum flow height simulated for Badswat debris flow was 3m reaching 9m while for
Faizabad 2m reaching 7m. Average Velocity was 4 to 6 m/s. The findings emphasise the
gravity of these these hazards, especially during the summer, which continues to be a source
of worry for local communities. Precipitation indices are essential for closely monitoring the
occurrence of debris flow and landslip patterns. The significance of taking proactive measures
to tackle climate-related issues and ensuring that communities are prepared to take action.
This study highlights the importance of climate adaptation in vulnerable areas, advocating for
sustainable practices, early warning systems, and community resilience to mitigate the
detrimental impacts of recurrent climate-related disasters.
