Combine UAV and 2D ERT Approach for Identification of Water Leakage Zones in Gul Dheri Dam, Akora Khattak, Nowshera

Abstract

This research explores the fusion of 2D Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and advanced Drone Survey techniques to identify and map potential leakage zones within dam structures. Addressing the critical need for comprehensive and non-invasive methodologies in dam safety assessment, this study aims to revolutionize the identification and characterization of subsurface anomalies indicative of potential leaks. The integration of 2D ERT, a geophysical method measuring subsurface resistivity variations, and Drone Survey technology, offering high-resolution aerial imaging capabilities, provides a synergistic approach. The ERT technique enables the characterization of subsurface resistivity distribution, while drone-based surveys provide detailed visual data of surface features, facilitating a holistic understanding of the dam's condition. Through a series of field experiments conducted at Gul Dheri Dam, multi-electrode ERT surveys were conducted to acquire resistivity data, capturing the subsurface variations. Simultaneously, drone-mounted cameras captured high-resolution imagery of the dam surface and surrounding areas, allowing for detailed visual inspections. Data integration and analysis involved use of Zone Resz 2D software for creating 2D cross sectional subsurface profiles and ArcGIS for calculation of areas of zones. Interpretation of the integrated data facilitated the identification of anomalous zones that may indicate potential seepage or leakage paths within the dam structure. This research not only contributes to the advancement of geophysical and remote sensing methodologies but also holds significant implications for dam safety management practices. The outcomes offer insights into the development of efficient monitoring strategies to mitigate risks associated with potential leaks in dams, thereby safeguarding communities and infrastructure.