Abstract:
In the tale of human Metabolic regulation and balance, Diabetes mellitus emerges as an
antagonist altering the intricate interplay between Insulin and Glucose. It falters this
delicate equilibrium affecting an approximate of 6.1% (529 million people) of the global
population and is expected to be greater than 10% by 2050. Different available anti-diabetic
drugs including metformin pose health concerns and limitations. Withania coagulans and
its ability to ameliorate the complications of diabetes via DPP-4 inhibition, GLP-1
enhancement, insulin production and intestinal glucose retention are reported. This study
aimed at utilization of an alpha glucosidase inhibitor Withania Coagulans fruit extract to
potentiate the effect of metformin via regulation of postprandial GLP-1 expression and
regulation of redox state in mice models. Plant phytochemicals were confirmed via FTIR
and GC-MS analysis. The extract efficacy was evaluated in mice via I.P administration and
its combined effects with metformin were studied. The results obtained from in-vitro
analysis and in-vivo analysis in STZ-induced diabetic mice models suggested that WC in
combination with metformin improved GTT in mice (P<0.01), improved plasma insulin
levels (p<0.01), GLP-1 levels (P<0.05) and Reduced MDA levels (P<0.01) by regulating
redox state. The combined treatment significantly increased SOD and Catalase
concentration indicating its increased antioxidant potential. The histological analysis
clearly addresses the regain in structure of pancreatic beta cells due to synergistic effect of
the WC and metformin. Withania coagulans can aid metformin’s ability to fight diabetes
by improved regulation of diabetic biomarkers. Future studies on isolated bioactive
compounds from WC extract, their mechanism of action can help develop a plant based
anti-diabetic drug with reduced side effects to combat metabolic disorders.
