Star Shaped Silver Nanoparticles For Titanium Implant Coatings

Abstract

Titanium implants are extensively used in the medical and healthcare industries because of their exceptional mechanical strength and biocompatibility. However, there are still concerns with reducing infection and enhancing implant integration with the surrounding bone tissue. In order to improve the antibacterial and biocompatibility of titanium implants, this study prepares star like silver nanoparticles and coat them on titanium discs (Ti-6Al-4V). The process of creating silver nanostars involved heating polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and ethylene glycol solution along with silver precursor solution at 190°C for 30 minutes and reducing silver nitrate with 4×10⁻² M NaOH. PVP and ethylene glycol were used to stabilize the nanostar. Different properties of nanoparticles such as Surface morphology, functional groups, chemical composition, phase and purity, visual characterization, surface charge and stability were characterized by using SEM, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, XRD, UV-Vis spectroscopy and zeta analysis. To enhance surface qualities, titanium discs were heated and given alkaline treatments. Simulated body fluid (SBF) and nanostar-coated discs interacted, and contact angle was measured in order to test biocompatibility. The antibacterial efficacy of tryptic soy broth (TSB) and TSA was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and there was a significant decrease in biofilm activity observed on 96 well plate.7 days and 14 days coated disc shows 83% and 95% inhibition to biofilm and there was a decrease in contact angle of both discs with increasing coating period, and 14 day coated disc shows contact angle of 22° indicating high hydrophilicity that leads to better Osseo integration and biocompatibility. These findings demonstrated that the silver nanostar coatings considerably increased the antibiofilm activity and make titanium implants more bio absorbable, which may promote Osseo integration and decrease bacterial adherence. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of coatings of silver nanoparticles, marking a significant advance in clinical applications.