Abstract:
This study offers a detailed analysis of potential rainwater harvesting sites in the Lower
Indus Basin, particularly in the Sukkur-Kotri region. Using Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA)
and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), the research examines critical parameters like
land use, rainfall, geology, slope, and groundwater changes to identify ideal locations for
rainwater harvesting systems. The study covers a watershed area of 112041 sq. km and
uses data from 16 meteorological stations. Out of this, 3007 sq. km were found highly
suitable, and fourteen key locations were identified for further hydrologic modeling.
Suitable Rainwater Harvesting Structures are proposed on these potential sites after
investigation of available data.
The research employs the Watershed Modeling System (WMS) and HEC-HMS to simulate
hydrological scenarios, including a 100-year design storm and average annual rainfall.
These simulations help design hydraulic structures and estimate potential water volumes
for rainwater harvesting.
The study highlights the importance of combining advanced techniques with industry
expertise for effective rainwater harvesting implementation. Future recommendations
include long-term monitoring, the integration of climate change projections, physical
investigations on-site for hydraulic structures, socio-economic impact assessments,
advanced modeling techniques, strengthening policy frameworks, and establishing pilot
projects. Overall, this research provides a robust framework for improving water resource
management and sustainability in arid and semi-arid regions.
