Abstract:
Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated skin disease characterized by increased
proliferation of keratinocytes and immune dysfunction, which results in symptoms of
erythema and scaling and discomfort. This condition is always accompanied with
systemic co-morbidities, such as cognitive impairment that worsens the prognosis.
Corticosteroids and biologic agents are available, but these therapies are often linked with
a variety of adverse effects. This study also presents a new topical gel formulation used to
address both cutaneous and systemic effects of psoriasis symptoms, by combining
curcumin, chamomile extract, and salicylic acid loaded into polymeric nanoparticles.
Polymeric nanoparticles were synthesized, characterized and employed as carriers to
encapsulate the active compounds of the drug. The drug loaded nanoparticles were
characterized for particle size, zeta potential, drug release efficiency and other desirable
parameters to guarantee efficient delivery and controlled release at the site of action. This
formulation was tested in an IMQ-induced psoriasis mouse model where it provided
substantial therapeutic improvement by decreasing skin scaling, thickness, and
inflammation. Furthermore, a decrease in the inflammation was observed, by decreased
serum CRP levels in the blood serum of treated mice. Behavioural tests also revealed that
memory of mice treated with drug-loaded polymeric nanoparticles was better as
compared to the untreated group of mice. This implies that the formulation not only
targets the skin but also has neuro-protective effects addressing cognitive defects
resulting from psoriasis. The histopathological examination of the hippocampus area after
the therapy showed decreased neuroinflammation and reduced cell apoptosis, further
validating the neuroprotective potentials of the formulation. These findings suggest this
novel topical gel formulation as a non-invasive treatment option with reduced systemic
inflammation & enhanced neuroprotection. The collective antioxidant, anti-inflammatory
and keratolytic properties of all active compounds encapsulated and delivered via
polymeric nanoparticles, provides a holistic approach in managing cutaneous and
systemic manifestations of psoriasis, making this topical formulation a promising and
more efficient alternative to conventional therapies.
