Evaluation of Gait Asymmetry by Mapping Pressure on the Basis of Body Mass Index

Abstract

Gait symmetry, synonymously, called as normal walking is the notion that bilateral aspects of the lower limbs are identical. Any mismatch or lack of coordination results in an asymmetric gait pattern which often serves as an indicator of gait pathology. Quantification of gait asymmetry by an index, difference or ratio calculation has been done by using various sensing. For the sake of present study, we developed a cost-effective and portable system consisting of an insole. The insole is equipped with force-sensitive resistors at the points of maximum plantar pressure for extracting spatiotemporal features of gait. For assessment of asymmetry, we recruited subjects with BMI in underweight range (> 18.5), normal range (18.0-24.9), overweight range (25.0-29.9) and obese range (<30.0). Asymmetry has been quantified by using temporal parameters particularly swing time. The mean swing of right and left foot was used to determine the ratio of short swing time (SSWT) and long swing time (LSWT). The ration was, then, used to calculate gait asymmetry of all the groups. Degree of asymmetry showed a direct proportionality with BMI of subjects. For further analysis, one-way ANOVA was performed. Results showed that BMI has a statistically significant effect with F-value (3, 46) = 8.62, p < 0.05 on the overall walking pattern of humans. This system can be further used to assess gait parameters in different population groups. It can, also, be used in gait training and rehabilitation protocol