Oxidative stress is considered as the central mediator in causing many neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). Exposure to heavy metals like lead may induce oxidative stress which may contribute towards the onset or progression ...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common cause of sexually transmitted infections in the world. HPV is responsible for the development of virtually all cervical cancer cases. In addition to that there is mounting ...

Brain is the key organ of central nervous system. Cholinergic system is involved in higher cognitive functions like learning and memory. The most important brain regions of the brain involved in learning and memory are ...

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is tumor inducing virus which infects mucosa and cutaneous keratinocytes. HPV is the causative agent for cervical cancer. The cervical cancer induced death rate is high among women in developing ...

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is the leading morbid condition worldwide. It is the major health challenge for South Asians. The disease burden is even higher in Pakistan. Being a polygenic disorder, CAD pathogenesis ...

In the last three decades, the world has known HIV/AIDS as a disease that has been responsible for one of the major anthropological epidemics our globe has faced since the time it was discovered. From the time HIV/AIDS was ...

Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) is the infection of females’ genital system. It is a polymicrobial infection which shifts the paradigm of vaginal healthy microbiome to facultative anaerobe. Globally, BV prevalence in females is ...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder and is characterized by means of consistent hyperglycemia as a consequence of either entire or incomplete deficiency of insulin secretion and action of insulin. ...

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among females in Pakistan. According to the South Asian data of population based cancer registry, Pakistan has 69 per 100,000 age standardized rate, the highest among ...

Rheumatoid Arthritis is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of joints, destruction of cartilage and autoantibody production. Oxidative stress has been recently implicated in the pathogenesis ...