Decreasing water resources is one of the main concerns throughout the world and specially in Pakistan. South Waziristan, district of Pakistan is facing severe water shortage from the past few decades. The best way to ...

The role of river flow in maintaining ecological balance is well acknowledged and the river flow alterations in upper riparian zones have serious repercussion for lower riparian zones across the globe leading to trans-boundary ...

Islamabad stands out as the sole well-organized city in Pakistan. Nevertheless, it grapples with a severe predicament of groundwater depletion by swift population escalation, inadequate water administration, urban growth, ...

The Indus basin is subject to modifications – from the development of canals in Kashmir (8th century) to the development of a complex irrigation system (19th century). These developments have increased the illegal ...

Rising to the challenge of climate change, this study focuses on pre-emptively identifying infrastructure vulnerabilities in flood-prone urban regions. Traditional Flood Risk Assessment (FRA) methods often neglect the ...

The alteration of regional water availability due to forthcoming climatic changes will stand as a critical societal impact. These hydrological shifts will exert comprehensive influences on various dimensions of human ...

Agriculture is an important sector of Pakistan Economy which largely depends on water resources, and it is important to define and adopt such agricultural practices that help in understanding the water requirement of ...

The devastating effects of floods include a number of consequences, such as the demise of buildings, disruption of vital amenities, degradation of agricultural lands, and damage of transportation networks. The necessity ...

Fine-scale soil spatial variability mapping is one of the prerequisites for adopting precision agriculture. This study used a hyperspectral radiometer and satellite remote sensing data for fine-scale surface soil texture ...

Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU) is the largest national distance learning university which is currently providing online and distance education in many fields to students in Pakistan and abroad. The University is ...