Identification of Biomarkers in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (cSCC) and Psoriasis via Computational Approaches

Abstract

Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma is the second most common prevalent skin cancer all over the world with potential to metastasize and recur. There is an urge to discover biomarkers for cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma to diagnose the diseases at early stages and maximize the survival rate of that fatal cancer. The second analysed disease of this study is Psoriasis. It is the most common and chronic skin disease that effects individuals from every age group. The rate of Psoriasis is increasing over the time in both developed and under-developed countries. Therefore, there is a dire need to analyse the disease at molecular level to propose potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In order to achieve the goals and objectives of the study, Microarray and RNA-seq data analysis have been performed.The data analy sis has revealed CACNA1C, ATP7A, PGAP2, FABP5P11, ENO1, FABP5 FAM32A, GJB2, GJB6, MMP11, NT5C, RUVBL1, S100A8, ALOX12B, PI3, BTC, KYNU, SERPINB4, MFAP3L, MSMB, KREMEN1, LMO4, LNPEP, RP11 and TBC1D20 as significant differentially expressed genes for both the diseases. This study also proposes S100A8 as the most significant gene as it appears to be differentially ex pressed in comparative analysis of Psoriasis and cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. S100A8 protein plays a critical role in inflammatory responses (acute & chronic in flammation), apoptosis and innate immunity of the body. Quantitative modelling approach of System Biology is also implemented to analyse the results at holistic level. The aim is to predict the molecular patterns which can lead Psoriasis to cancer. The study proposes that Evading Apoptosis and Proliferation are sensitive towards TCF7L1, Survivin, PkB/Akt, FOX01/BCL2/CCND1, TCF7l1, FOS, C-Myc, BMP4, Wnt1, PTCH1, GLI and HIPI. Therefore, to minimize the susceptibility of transfor mation of Psoriasis towards cancers these genes should be further studied