Analysis of Flaviviridae to find differentially expressed genes and potential inhibitors through different in silico techniques of “Next Generation Sequencing” and “polypharmacology” approach

Abstract

Flaviviridae is a family of RNA viruses which have small envelop. Most of the flaviviruses are host-specific. This study focus on Dengue, Zika, West Nile and Japanese encephalitis viruses. These are arthropod-borne viruses (arbovirus) trans mitted through mosquitoes belonging to the genus Aedes aegypti. Human infections caused by these arboviruses are incidental because humans are unable to replicate the virus therefore, humans are the best host for mosquitoes in order to continue the life cycle of viruses. Dengue and Zika are the devilish members of this family that cause yellow fever. The purpose of this study is to find differentially expressed genes and potential drug targets through microarray and different NGS techniques. Compara tive analysis of DEGs is performed on microarray, RNA Seq and ChIP-seq datasets. Microarray and different in silico Next Generation Sequencing technique such as; RNA-Seq and ChIP–seq are perform on these flaviviruses to identify novel biomark ers and therapeutic drug targets. These biomarkers will be more effective in case of early diagnosis against flaviviridae diseases. Approach of systems biology is used for the identification of biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets that help in early diagnosis and treatment of diseases. These drug targets can help to analyze potential inhibitors to treat flaviviruses by using single potent inhibitor because no conven tional methodology has been focus on the approach of polypharmacology against flaviviridae. Results of polypharmacology indicates that tetracycline is identified as a potential inhibitor which can be helpful in the treatment of Dengue, Zika, West Nile and Japanese encephalitis virus. Polypharmacology also shows that doxycycline can also be an efficient inhibitor which is a derivative of tetracycline for the treatment of Flaviviruses.