Abstract:
With increasing environmental hazards and governmental concerns over limited resources, special
attention is being paid to closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) networks design having resilience and
responsiveness in wake of disruptions. This research provides a multi-objective mixed integer
linear programming (MILP) model for optimizing a CLSC during disruptions while taking
resilience and responsiveness into account. Total cost function considering sustainable dimensions
(economic, environmental, and social) along with resilience and responsiveness is studied. The
concept of multi-stream recycling (MSR) is suggested to maintain a smooth flow of CLSC thereby
increasing return rate and reducing the disposal rates. This study will contribute towards the CLSC
literature while enriching it with integrated concepts of resilience-responsiveness-sustainability
under disruption scenarios. Solution methodology known as interactive multi-objective fuzzy
programming is used for the optimization of mathematical model. The proposed model and
methods are used to solve the case of float glass industry for further investigation and validation.
Data is collected from a float glass industry of Pakistan and findings are applied to the real case to
provide fruitful results regarding CLSC decisions. The results showed that any rise in the
percentage of interruptions will result in additional expenses, mostly because of delays/shortages
and increased capacity interruptions of the primary player result in a decline in the responsiveness
of the CLSC, which increases the deviation from the target value. Additionally, the notion of MSR
must be implemented in order to lower the contamination levels and decrease waste fractions.
Moreover, raising the degree of responsiveness will result in additional expenses and raise the
levels of departure from the predetermined objectives.
