RESILIENCE AND RESPONSIVENESS IN CLOSED – LOOP SUPPLY CHAIN WITH MULTI-STREAM RECYCLING POLICY UNDER DISRUPTIONS

Abstract

With increasing environmental hazards and governmental concerns over limited resources, special attention is being paid to closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) networks design having resilience and responsiveness in wake of disruptions. This research provides a multi-objective mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model for optimizing a CLSC during disruptions while taking resilience and responsiveness into account. Total cost function considering sustainable dimensions (economic, environmental, and social) along with resilience and responsiveness is studied. The concept of multi-stream recycling (MSR) is suggested to maintain a smooth flow of CLSC thereby increasing return rate and reducing the disposal rates. This study will contribute towards the CLSC literature while enriching it with integrated concepts of resilience-responsiveness-sustainability under disruption scenarios. Solution methodology known as interactive multi-objective fuzzy programming is used for the optimization of mathematical model. The proposed model and methods are used to solve the case of float glass industry for further investigation and validation. Data is collected from a float glass industry of Pakistan and findings are applied to the real case to provide fruitful results regarding CLSC decisions. The results showed that any rise in the percentage of interruptions will result in additional expenses, mostly because of delays/shortages and increased capacity interruptions of the primary player result in a decline in the responsiveness of the CLSC, which increases the deviation from the target value. Additionally, the notion of MSR must be implemented in order to lower the contamination levels and decrease waste fractions. Moreover, raising the degree of responsiveness will result in additional expenses and raise the levels of departure from the predetermined objectives.