Abstract:
Modular construction (MC) is increasingly recognized as an eco-friendly and sustainable
building method. It's essential for evaluating a project's sustainability. MC involves
fabricating modules in a factory and then assembling them on-site. While MC is wellestablished
in developed nations, its implementation remains limited in developing
countries. This study aims to establish a model that promotes MC implementation in
developing countries for housing projects by examining the link between Critical Success
Factors (CSFs), their enablers, and Modular Construction Implementation (MCI). The goal
is to unlock the benefits of MC in these settings. This objective is achieved through three
key phases. The initial phase, an exploratory phase, identifies MC's CSFs, enablers, and
benefits through an extensive literature review. The second phase, a descriptiveexplanatory
phase, employs a questionnaire survey approach to assess the importance of
these CSFs and their enablers. This survey was conducted among construction experts in
Pakistan's building industry. The third phase, a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) phase
using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method, tests the relationships between the CSFs and
MCI via measurement and structural models. The study's findings reveal that CSFs have a
significant impact on MCI, accounting for 65.1% of the variance, indicating a moderate
effect. The study's contribution lies in providing policymakers and other stakeholders with
insights into implementing MC in developing countries, including Pakistan. It underscores
the potential benefits of MCI in current and future projects and the support required to
realize these advantages.
