Abstract:
The population of the bigger cities is increasing day by day due to which
vehicular travel is increasing which is leading to congestion problem. The steady
increase in the number of automobiles on the road has amplified the importance of
managing traffic flow efficiently to optimize utilization of existing road capacity.
It is a well-documented fact that highway traffic congestion in the metropolitan areas of
the world is becoming a major concern for governments, scientists, private sector,
transportation consulting firms, and international environmental organizations.
According to recent survey, the average travel speeds at rush hour in the larger cities
drop to about 36 miles per hour (TDR, 2012). This leads to some 5 billion collective
hours of delay and estimated productivity losses are greater. In addition, all vehicles
caught in traffic jams consume more fuel. Everybody, without exception, has
experienced the frustration of being captured in a traffic jam. The traffic congestion is,
to a great extent, responsible for the increased accident rates and their consequences.
Human life losses, lost time, increased air pollution and expensive repairs.
